The GfK barometer fell back to a negative reading of 10, its joint lowest since December. The measure has remained at or below zero constantly since February 2016, as consumers have taken fright over their personal finances and the broader economy.

 

The figures are corroborated by a separate measure of confidence from Yougov and the Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR) to be published today which also show confidence below the levels seen before the EU referendum.

 

 

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